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Which enzymes are raised matters more than the fact that something is. A pattern pointing at the bile ducts is a different problem from one pointing at liver cells, and mildly abnormal results are common and often harmless. Interpretation is the part that counts.
Liver problems are usually silent until they are advanced, which is the reason to test rather than wait for symptoms. Liver function tests are also one of the most commonly misread sets of results in medicine, because mildly abnormal figures are extremely common and mostly not serious, while the pattern of which markers are raised carries the real information.
People generally test for one of four reasons: they drink more than they would like and want to know where they stand; they have been told at some point that a liver test was abnormal and never followed it up; they take medication that affects the liver; or they have symptoms such as persistent fatigue or abdominal discomfort.
Results come back in 24 to 48 hours with a GP report, and where something needs following up, further tests, imaging referral, and specialist referral are available here.

Book your consultation online with our easy online booking form, or call us directly on 0208 050 0379.
No fasting is needed for liver function tests. Avoid alcohol for at least 24 hours before, and ideally longer, since recent drinking can raise some markers and make the result harder to interpret. Also avoid strenuous exercise beforehand, which can raise ALT independently of the liver.
Monday to Friday, 8am to 7pm, Saturday 9:00 am to 2:00pm
Step 1
Same day usually. No fasting, but avoid alcohol for at least 24 hours beforehand.
Step 2
A quick sample at your nearest clinic.
Step 3
Returned with a complete GP report.
Step 4
A GP explains the pattern, arranges further tests where needed, and refers on if warranted.

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Liver function tests measure several things, and the pattern is what carries the meaning.
On mildly abnormal results, which is what most people get. Mild elevations are extremely common and mostly not serious. The correct response is usually to identify the likely cause, address it, and repeat the test in a few weeks or months rather than to escalate immediately. Panicking about a slightly raised ALT is a common and avoidable source of distress.
On fatty liver, since it is now the most likely answer. Metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease affects a large share of the UK population, is linked to weight, insulin resistance and diabetes, and is often symptomless. The good news is that it responds well to weight loss, and modest weight loss produces disproportionate improvement in liver markers. This is one of the areas where a blood test genuinely does change behaviour and behaviour genuinely does change the blood test.
On alcohol, honestly. If you are testing because you are worried about your drinking, that is a sensible thing to do and there is no judgement in it. Liver markers can improve substantially within weeks of reducing intake, and normal results do not mean drinking is harmless, since alcohol causes harm well beyond the liver. If you would like support with drinking, we can discuss it, and free NHS and charity services are available too.
On what these tests do not do. They do not exclude all liver disease. Significant fibrosis or even cirrhosis can exist with normal blood tests, which is why persistent risk factors or symptoms may warrant imaging or a fibrosis score regardless of the numbers.
| Private | NHS | |
|---|---|---|
| Referral | None | Via GP, on clinical indication |
| Waiting time | Same Day | Practice availability |
| Results | 24 to 48 hours | Several days to two weeks |
| Interpretation | GP report and consultation | Discussed at a follow up |
| Further investigation | Available in house, plus imaging referral | Within the NHS pathway |
| Hepatology referral | Arranged | Within the NHS pathway |
| Cost | £95 | Free |
For anything requiring long term hepatology follow up, NHS care is the appropriate route and we would refer you into it.
No, but avoid alcohol for at least 24 hours beforehand and avoid strenuous exercise, both of which can affect results.
Liver cell irritation. The commonest cause in the UK is fatty liver rather than alcohol. The pattern of other markers helps identify the cause.
Usually not. Mild elevations are very common and mostly not serious. The right approach is identifying the likely cause and repeating the test rather than escalating.
Early fatty liver and alcohol related change often improve substantially with weight loss or reduced drinking. Advanced scarring is less reversible, which is the argument for finding it early.
Not entirely. Significant scarring can exist with normal blood tests, so persistent risk factors may warrant imaging or fibrosis scoring.
Yes, we can discuss it, and there are free NHS and charity services too. No judgement either way.
Within 24 to 48 hours with a GP report.
An enzyme particularly sensitive to alcohol and to certain medications. Important if you are testing because of your drinking.
A harmless inherited variation causing a mildly raised bilirubin with otherwise normal results. It affects several per cent of people and needs no treatment.
Often within weeks, sometimes markedly. Which makes retesting worthwhile.
Some do, including high dose vitamin A, green tea extract and certain bodybuilding products. Bring a list of what you take.
Book a same day blood test. Results in 24 to 48 hours with a GP report that explains the pattern, not just the numbers.